Section 15.15. Remedies and enforcement  


Latest version.
  • 1.  An art merchant, including a
      merchant consignee, who offers or sells a multiple in, into or from this
      state without providing the information required by this article for the
      appropriate time period, or who provides required information  which  is
      mistaken,  erroneous  or  untrue,  except  for  harmless  errors such as
      typographical errors, shall be liable  to  the  purchaser  to  whom  the
      multiple  was  sold.  The  merchant's  liability  shall  consist  of the
      consideration paid by the purchaser  with  interest  from  the  time  of
      payment  at  the  rate  prescribed  by section five thousand four of the
      civil practice law and rules or any successor provisions  thereto,  upon
      the  return of the multiple in substantially the same condition in which
      received by the purchaser. This  remedy  shall  not  bar  or  be  deemed
      inconsistent with a claim for damages or with the exercise of additional
      remedies otherwise available to the purchaser.
        2. In any proceeding in which an art merchant relies upon a disclaimer
      of knowledge as to any relevant information required by this article for
      the  appropriate time period, such disclaimer shall be effective only if
      it complies with the provisions of section 13.05 of this  title,  unless
      the  claimant  is  able  to  establish  that the merchant failed to make
      reasonable inquiries, according to the custom and usage of the trade, to
      ascertain the relevant information or  that  such  relevant  information
      would have been ascertained as a result of such reasonable inquiries.
        3.  (a)  The  purchaser  of  such  a multiple may recover from the art
      merchant an amount equal to three times  the  amount  recoverable  under
      subdivision  one  of this section if an art merchant offers, consigns or
      sells a multiple and:
        (i) willfully fails  to  provide  the  information  required  by  this
      article for the appropriate time period;
        (ii) knowingly provides false information; or
        (iii)  the  purchaser  can  establish  that the merchant willfully and
      falsely disclaimed knowledge as to any required information.
        (b) Pursuant to subparagraphs (i) and (iii) of paragraph (a)  of  this
      subdivision, a merchant may introduce evidence of the relevant usage and
      custom  of  the trade in any proceeding in which such treble damages are
      sought. This subdivision shall not be deemed to negate the applicability
      of article thirteen of this  chapter  as  to  authenticity  and  article
      thirteen  is applicable, as to authenticity, to the multiples covered by
      the provisions of this article.
        4. In any action to enforce any provision of this article,  the  court
      may allow the prevailing purchaser the costs of the action together with
      reasonable attorneys' and expert witnesses' fees. In the event, however,
      the  court determines that an action to enforce was brought in bad faith
      it may allow such expenses to the art merchant as it deems appropriate.
        5. An action to enforce any liability  under  this  article  shall  be
      brought  within the period prescribed for such actions by article two of
      the uniform commercial code.